无论是对应欧美国家还是日韩国家相关商贸往来,之一过程中都会使用到信用证,而信用证到类别是较多的,行业领域中的外贸企业进行相关业务往来过程之中要根据企业的规模大小、流动资金的多少的不同而选择不同类型的信用证,例如对于小型外贸企业而言,在相应的交易过程中适合使用即期信用证。国际上将其定义为“A
letter of credit is one in which the issuing bank or the drawee bank fulfils the
payment obligation immediately upon receipt of the draft and documents in
conformity with the terms of the letter of credit. Most of the international
trade settlement is by sight letter of credit.”
而在详细划分过程中,在这一领域中又可以分为两种,分别是单到付款信用证和电汇索偿条款信用证,虽然有两种不同的差异类别划分,但对于小型外贸企业来说,无论哪一种都是很合适的,要远比远期信用证或者是可撤销信用证更加适合使用。
如下Sight Credit回函案例。
Ms. Alice
Your company hopes to purchase a batch of women's garments made in China.
Woolen long coat 245 yuan per piece.
Woolen short coat 132 yuan per piece.
Velvet thickened European sweater 345 yuan per piece
735 yuan per leather wool lamb fur coat.
Long down jacket is 445 yuan per piece.
Warm and bottoming cashmere sweater, thickening, 275 yuan each.
Warm and bottled cashmere sweater thin section 174 yuan per piece.
The women's winter clothing we sell is the bottom line price in the industry, so we can't offer preferential price. In the course of this transaction, we will be responsible for the corresponding freight and insurance. If your quotation is acceptable to our company's products, then we can enter into the contract negotiation, in this transaction. Among them, we only accept L/C at sight, not other types of L/C. After you have completed the corresponding procedures, we hope you will notify us in the first place, and we will arrange the time of delivery when we get the bank's advice.
As the sales of winter women's clothes are very popular in the near future, there is no stock in them. They will be shipped within 15 days after receiving your letter of credit. The port of shipment can be decided by you. We have branches in Dalian, Shanghai and Hong Kong. Therefore, you can choose Dalian, Shanghai or Hong Kong port. If you arrange for the staff to come to our company for acceptance of the products, we hope you will give us two days'notice in advance, and we will have a special reception.
爱丽丝女士
贵公司希望购入一批我国生产的女性服装,现将冬季服装类别做详细介绍:
毛呢长外套每件245元
毛呢短外套每件132元
加绒加厚欧版卫衣每件345元
家绒羊羔毛皮衣每件735元
长款羽绒服每件445元
保暖打底羊绒衫加厚款每件275元
保暖打底羊绒衫薄款每件174元
本公司所销售的女性冬款服装在行业中为底线价格,因此在价格方面是不能进行优惠的,本次交易过程中我公司将负责相应运费以及保险等等,如贵公司对我公司的产品报价可以接受,那么可以进入合同洽谈之中,在本次交易之中,我公司仅收取即期信用证,而不收取其他类别信用证,在贵公司完成相应流程办理之后,希望贵公司能够第一时间通知我公司,当我方在获得银行通知后将安排时间发货。
由于近期阶段冬款女性服装销售较为火爆,所以没有库存,会在得到贵公司信用证通知之后15天之内发货,发货港口可由贵公司决定,我公司在大连,上海以及香港都有分公司,因此贵公司可选择大连港,上海港,或者是香港口岸,如贵公司安排工作人员到我方验收产品,希望贵公司可提前两天通知,我公司会有专人接待。
可以看到在如上案例中并没有涉及到“L/C with T/T Reimbursement Clause (L/C with T/T Reimbursement Clause) can be divided into two types of L/C at sight. The former refers to the issuing bank or its designated drawee bank, once it receives the draft and documents in accordance with the provisions of the letter of credit, it will pay immediately, and the issuing bank shall also pay the ransom bill to the issuing bank immediately upon arrival of the bill of credit; the latter refers to the issuing bank's right to pay the final examination document to the negotiating bank, provided that the negotiating bank examines the documents correctly and pays the same amount to the beneficiary When a cable or telex is sent to the issuing bank or its designated paying bank,”相应问题,为什么没有涉及到这些问题呢?
如果是从商业角度实际利益出发,在该回函之中本案例是应该关注到如上这一问题的,但从实际角度上来讲,该公司无法这样做,原因就在于在欧美和国内的服装商贸往来之中,国内的多数企业供货方都是欧美市场,所以在欧美市场中的服装交易竞争是非常激烈的,因此为了能够促进这笔生意往来,该公司也仅仅是关注到了信用证问题而没有关注信用证细节划分问题,也就是说给对方企业留下了足够的空间,这样的做法是非常稳妥的,在对外商贸往来过程中不能够所有的问题都以己方为立场出发,这种状态之下很有可能导致贸易往来无法达成,也要给对方留有一定的余地,或者是在产品价格方面让对方获得一定的空间,或者是在交易方式方面给对方一定的空间,这是能够达成交易的关键所在。